TOLES FOUNDATION EXAM

This level is aimed at students at all levels of general English, who have had very little or no knowledge of legal terminology. Its major goal is to ensure that they have the basic, essential foundation of legal terms to build upon in future.

About the TOLES Foundation exam

  • 90-minute online exam

  • tests English legal vocabulary

  • the maximum score is 100 points

  • there are 10 sections in the exam

  • there is only one written part

  • tests essential elementary/lower intermediate English grammar

  • requires little or no knowledge of British or American law

  • suitable for students and candidates at elementary/lower intermediate legal English

The terminology from the following areas is essential:

  • basic legal negotiations
  • pre-contractual documents
  • commercial contracts
  • banking
  • companies
  • other forms of business
  • bankruptcy and insolvency
  • the litigation process
  • essential contract law
  • the law of tort
  • intellectual property
  • real estate
  • oral contracts

  • employment law and contracts

  • an introduction to the common law

Before you start any preparation, make sure you know the format of the exam:

  1. the number of exercises
  2. what you are expected to do in each
  3. the time allowed.

Sample Test – types of exercises

All of the examples are presented for illustration purposes only. At the exam the Sections are much longer.

Section One (multiple choice)

There are 5 lists of words, 4 in each. You must mark which word does NOT belong in each group.

1.          A.  tenant          B.  nsolvent          C.  landlord          D.  rent

Answer:  B

Handy tips:

This Section tests your wide knowledge of legal vocabulary from a variety of topics.

The Legal English Boost platform offers exercises called Collocations where you learn a selection of phrases from each legal topic.

Section Two (self-correction)

There are 5 sentences with one error in each. You need to mark the incorrect word in each sentence.

If it is necessary to go to the court I will claim very high damages from you.

Answer: the

Handy tips:

The mistakes can be connected with the grammar of the phrase (countable v uncountable nouns, singular v plural nouns), the spelling or the tense of the sentence.

For this Section you need to memorise the legal collocations as found on the Legal English Boost platform.

Section Three (multiple choice – prepositions)

There are two sentences that have one different preposition in them. You need to mark the sentence which is CORRECT. There are 6 sets of sentences in this section.

A The party to the dispute is an international transport company.

B The party of the dispute is an international transport company.

Answer: A

Handy tips:

The Legal English Boost platform offers exercises called Prepositions where you can practise the proper phrases at this level.

Section Four (reading comprehension – true/ false questions)

There is a short text and 5 true/ false questions.

[…] Tina had to visit the dentist and the bill was £630. She complained to the catering company but the manager of the catering company says that it accepts no liability for Tina’s injury. On advice of her lawyer Tina is now suing the catering company on the grounds of negligence. She is claiming the cost of visiting the dentist and an additional amount of £100 for her pain and suffering.

1.The total amount that Tina is claiming is £730. True False

Answer: True

Handy tips:

To understand the text properly, you need to know your legal vocabulary. The  Legal English Boost. platform offers exercises called Collocations where they are grouped in different legal topics.

Section Five (multiple choice)

There are the notes from the conversation summarizing the case. There are 10 gaps in the text. You need to choose the correct word or phrase from a list of 4 given.

Travel Spain Ltd is the lessee under the agreement and (1) ……………….. the dispute is the City Council.

Which is the correct phrase for gap (1)?

A another part of

B the other to

C the other party to

D other party of

Answer: C

Handy tips:

For this Section you also need to know your grammar well. The missing parts may be legal collocations, linking words or business phrases. However, all the legal collocations necessary can be found on the Legal English Boost platform.

Section Six (multiple choice)

There are 12 words and 3 areas of law. You need to put the words in proper categories.

Which area of law does this phrase belong in?

“to draft a retainer”

A litigation

B legal services

C banking law

Answer: B

Handy tips:

In this Section your extensive knowledge of legal phrases matters most.

The Legal English Boost platform offers exercises called Collocations where you find phrases grouped in legal topics.

Section Seven (multiple choice)

There are 15 separate sentences with one gap in each. For each sentence you need to choose the correct word from 15 given.

The grounds for an action in tort are that the defendant (1) …… a tort.
The total capital of the business is (2) ……… at approximately £32 million.
If you have signed it, now you must (3) ……… the contract.

 

Which word is missing in gap (1)?

A.  committed          B.  draw          C.  failure          D.  honour          E.  valued

Answer:  A

Handy tips:

Your knowledge of the correct legal phrases is tested in this Section. The Legal English Boost platform offers exercises called Collocations where you learn all the needed phrases for the exam.

Section Eight (multiple choice – definitions)

There is a text with 12 underlined words or phrases. You need to choose the correct definition for each of the underlined words or phrases.

In (1) consideration of the Goods (2) furnished under this Agreement the Buyer agrees to pay the Seller the (3) sum stated in Schedule 1 to this Agreement.

Choose the definition of (2) furnished.

a)  payment
b|)  a place of business
c)  a document
d)  provided
e)  an amount of money

Answer: D

Handy tips:

This Section checks your understanding of legal contractual phrases.

The Legal English Boost platform offers exercises called Informal style practice where you learn phrases typical of contracts. Their meanings are explained on flashcards.

Section Nine (open cloze)

There is a text with 10 missing words. You need to write the correct words to fill in the gaps. The first letter is already provided. There are no points awarded for incorrectly spelled or incomplete words. There are two points for each correct answer.

When an employee is guilty of (1) ………. misconduct the law does not expect an employer to tolerate it.

Which word is missing in (1)? The first letter is G.

Answer: gross

Handy tips:

The text may describe real-life cases or concepts from a variety of legal areas. The missing word mostly forms part of a legal phrase.
On the Legal English Boost platform there are exercises called Collocations which draw your attention to the proper legal combinations.

Section Ten (multiple choice – reading comprehension)

There is a text and 10 questions following it. For each question you need to choose the answer from 10 answers already provided.

“A solicitor who turned a ‘blind eye’ to an early release pension scam has failed to convince the High Court he should be allowed to stay on the roll.

Robert Metcalfe appealed the decision of the Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal in September 2019 to strike him off after a finding of dishonesty in relation to his role in the schemes.

Metcalfe appealed both the finding and the sanction in the High Court but this week lost his challenge, with Mr Justice Murray fully accepting the tribunal’s findings and ruling that the strike-off decision was justified.”

(the source: John Hyde, 11Aug2021, www.lawgazette.co.uk)

Who was the appellee in this case?
What court did the solicitor appear to defend this case?
Which body tried to remove him from the list of solicitors?
What is the answer to question (1)?

A The High Court

B The Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal

C Mr Justice Murray

D Robert Metcalfe

Answer: B

Handy tips:

To be successful in this Section, you need to know the legal collocations used to describe different cases.

The Legal English Boost platform with its hundreds of collocations may come in handy again.